;With Company_Tree
AS
(
SELECT CompanyID,ParentCompanyID,CAST(0 AS int) AS Level
FROM Company
WHERE ParentCompanyID IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT c.CompanyID,c.CompanyParentID,ct.Level + 1
FROM Company c
INNER JOIN Company_Tree ct
ON ct.CompanyID = c.ParentCompanyID
)

SELECT *
FROM Company_Tree
ORDER BY Level

OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0)

declare @company table (
   companyid int
  ,parentcompanyid int
);
insert into @company (companyid,parentcompanyid)
 values (1,null)
       ,(2,null)
       ,(3,null)
       ,(4,1)
       ,(5,4)
       ,(6,2)
       ,(7,5)
       ,(8,6)
       ,(9,3)
       ,(10,7)
;
with _companytree
  as (select a.companyid as rootcompanyid
            ,a.companyid
            ,b.companyid as nextcompanyid
            ,0 as level
        from @company as a
             left outer join @company as b
                          on b.parentcompanyid=a.companyid
       where a.parentcompanyid is null
          or b.companyid is null
      union all
      select b.rootcompanyid
            ,a.companyid
            ,c.companyid as nextcompanyid
            ,b.level+1 as level
        from @company as a
             inner join _companytree as b
                     on b.nextcompanyid=a.companyid
             inner join @company as c
                     on c.parentcompanyid=a.companyid
     )
    ,companytree
  as (select *
        from _companytree
       where nextcompanyid is not null
      union all
      select b.rootcompanyid
            ,a.companyid
            ,a.nextcompanyid
            ,b.level+1 as level
        from _companytree as a
             inner join _companytree as b
                     on b.nextcompanyid=a.companyid
       where a.nextcompanyid is null
     )
select c.*
  from companytree as a
       inner join companytree as b
               on b.rootcompanyid=a.rootcompanyid
              and b.level>=a.level
       inner join @company as c
               on c.companyid=b.companyid
 where a.companyid=4
;

DECLARE @CompanyID int
SET @CompanyID = 4 -- Any value you want

;With Company_Tree
AS
(
SELECT CompanyID,ParentCompanyID,CAST(0 AS int) AS Level
FROM Company
WHERE CompanyID = @CompanyID
UNION ALL
SELECT c.CompanyID,c.CompanyParentID,ct.Level + 1
FROM Company c
INNER JOIN Company_Tree ct
ON ct.CompanyID = c.ParentCompanyID
)

SELECT *
FROM Company_Tree
ORDER BY Level

OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0)